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Driving of the Merchants From the Temple by Scarsellino. In the narrative, Jesus is stated to have visited the Temple in Jerusalem, where the courtyard was described as being filled with livestock, merchants, and the tables of the money changers, who changed the standard Greek and Roman money for Jewish and Tyrian shekels. [6]
"Den of thieves" might be a reference to extortionary pricing for the doves and money. [16] The people are amazed by Jesus and his teaching, which drives the chief priests to plot to kill him. Jesus and his group however leave the city at the end of the day. The incident with the money changers is recorded in all the Gospels.
Most scholars believe that the Gospel of Mark was the first gospel and was used as a source by the authors of Matthew and Luke. [12] Mark uses the cursing of the barren fig tree to bracket and comment on the story of the Jewish temple: Jesus and his disciples are on their way to Jerusalem when Jesus curses a fig tree because it bears no fruit; in Jerusalem he drives the money-changers from the ...
John mentions the incident with the money changers as occurring at the start of Jesus' ministry, while the synoptic gospels have it occurring shortly before his crucifixion. Some scholars suggest that this shows that Jesus fought with the money changers twice, once at the beginning and once at the end of his ministry.
The word "authority" (Greek: ἐξουσίᾳ, exousia) is frequently used in relation to Jesus in the New Testament. A similar episode is described in the Gospel of John at John 2:13–18) as part of the Cleansing of the Temple narrative. In John's account, after expelling the merchants and the money changers from the Temple, Jesus is confronted:
The scene takes place in the porch of the Temple. The temple housed a market which included the sale of livestock and a money changer facility. According to James F. McGrath, the animal sales were related to temple sacrifices and the money changers' task was to convert numerous currencies into the accepted currency to pay temple taxes. [6]
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The exceptional purity helps explain why the Jerusalem Temple priests specifically required Tyrian shekels for Temple tax payments. The money-changers referenced in the New Testament Gospels ( Matt. 21:12 and parallels) provided Tyrian shekels in exchange for Roman currency when this was required.