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cksum is a command in Unix and Unix-like operating systems that generates a checksum value for a file or stream of data. The cksum command reads each file given in its arguments, or standard input if no arguments are provided, and outputs the file's 32-bit cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum and byte count. [1]
Memtest86+ is included, optionally or by default, in many Linux distributions, including Debian, [18] the derived Ubuntu, and Arch Linux. [19] Ubuntu includes it as part of the default installation if the machine is booting in BIOS mode, showing it in the GRUB OS-select menu; [ 20 ] the version 6.0, UEFI-capable, is available from Ubuntu 23.04 ...
Print a calendar Version 5 AT&T UNIX cat: Filesystem Mandatory Concatenate and print files PDP-7 UNIX cd: Filesystem Mandatory Change the working directory Version 6 AT&T UNIX cflow: C programming Optional (XSI) Generate a C-language call graph: System V chgrp: Filesystem Mandatory Change the file group ownership PWB UNIX chmod: Filesystem ...
ldd (List Dynamic Dependencies) is a *nix utility that prints the shared libraries required by each program or shared library specified on the command line. [1] It was developed by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper. [2] If some shared library is missing for any program, that program won't come up.
The test command in Unix evaluates the expression parameter. In most recent shell implementations, it is a shell builtin, even though the external version still exists.In the second form of the command, the [ ] (brackets) must be surrounded by blank spaces (this is because [is a program and POSIX compatible shells require a space between the program name and its arguments).
sum is a legacy utility available on some Unix and Unix-like operating systems.This utility outputs a 16-bit checksum of each argument file, as well as the number of blocks they take on disk. [1]
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When used for swap, zram (like zswap) allows Linux to make more efficient use of RAM, since the operating system can then hold more pages of memory in the compressed swap than if the same amount of RAM had been used as application memory or disk cache. This is particularly effective on machines that do not have much memory.