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The red-hybrid Nile tilapia is known in the Thai language as pla thapthim (Thai: ปลาทับทิม, pronounced [plaːtʰap̚˦˥.tʰim]), meaning "pomegranate fish" or "ruby fish". [24] This type of tilapia is very popular in Thai cuisine, where it is prepared in a variety of ways. [25]
The red hybrid is known in Thai language as pla thapthim (Thai: ปลาทับทิม), whereas the black and silver striped hybrid is known as pla nin (Thai: ปลานิล; lit. "Nile fish"). Both hybrids of tilapia O. niloticus are very popular in Thai cuisine. [11] Some 300,000 farmers in Thailand raise species of tilapia. [10]
Hybrid stock is also used in aquaculture; Nile × blue tilapia hybrids are usually rather dark, but a light-colored hybrid breed known as "Rocky Mountain White" tilapia is often grown due to its very light flesh and tolerance of low temperatures. [45]
Recently introduced cichlid hybrids (red tilapia O. mossambicus x O. niloticus, possibly also O. honorum and O. aureus) have crossbred with populations of Oreochromis mossambicus, possibly contributing to the decline. Inter-species hybrids tend to produce fewer fry per brood than spawning by fishes of the same species.
The 1970s and early 1980s saw the introduction of new tilapia species and hybrids, most crucially Nile tilapia, first imported in 1972. [34]: 4 While Nile tilapia did not do as well in brackish water as Mozambique tilapia, [34]: 9 they grew faster than Mozambique tilapia, [4] and were resilient to poor environmental conditions.
The Wami tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis) or Rufiji tilapia is a species tilapiine cichlid that is native to Morogoro Region of Tanzania.It is an important food fish and has been introduced to several other countries, although most of these populations possibly are hybrids with close relatives, especially Mozambique and Nile tilapia.
Oreochromis leucostictus (the blue-spotted tilapia) is a species of cichlid native to Albertine Rift Valley lakes and associated rivers in DR Congo and Uganda. It has now been introduced widely elsewhere East Africa , and is believed to have negative ecological impact, particularly on native tilapias .
Mozambique tilapia, like other fish such as Nile tilapia and trout, are opportunistic omnivores and will feed on algae, plant matter, organic particles, small invertebrates and other fish. [19] Feeding patterns vary depending on which food source is the most abundant and the most accessible at the time.