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Parallel computer systems have difficulties with caches that may store the same value in more than one location, with the possibility of incorrect program execution. These computers require a cache coherency system, which keeps track of cached values and strategically purges them, thus ensuring correct program execution.
Multitasking does not require parallel execution of multiple tasks at exactly the same time; instead, it allows more than one task to advance over a given period of time. [1] Even on multiprocessor computers, multitasking allows many more tasks to be run than there are CPUs.
Parallelism executes tasks independently on multiple CPU cores, while concurrency manages multiple tasks on one or more cores, switching between threads or time-slicing without completing each one. Programs may exhibit parallelism only, concurrency only, both parallelism and concurrency, neither. [6] Parallelism vs concurrency
The main function of hyper-threading is to increase the number of independent instructions in the pipeline; it takes advantage of superscalar architecture, in which multiple instructions operate on separate data in parallel. With HTT, one physical core appears as two processors to the operating system, allowing concurrent scheduling of two ...
A parallel file system is a type of distributed file system that distributes file data across multiple servers and provides for concurrent access by multiple tasks of a parallel application. OrangeFS was designed for use in large-scale cluster computing and is used by companies, universities, national laboratories and similar sites worldwide.
Due to the inherent difficulties in full automatic parallelization, several easier approaches exist to get a parallel program in higher quality. One of these is to allow programmers to add "hints" to their programs to guide compiler parallelization, such as HPF for distributed memory systems and OpenMP or OpenHMPP for shared memory systems ...
Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) is a software tool for parallel networking of computers. It is designed to allow a network of heterogeneous Unix and/or Windows machines to be used as a single distributed parallel processor. [2] Thus large computational problems can be solved more cost effectively by using the aggregate power and memory of many ...
Parallel running is a strategy for system changeover where a new system slowly assumes the roles of the older system while both systems operate simultaneously. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This conversion takes place as the technology of the old system is outdated so a new system is needed to be installed to replace the old one. [ 3 ]