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Epistemic injustice is injustice related to knowledge. It includes exclusion and silencing ; systematic distortion or misrepresentation of one's meanings or contributions; undervaluing of one's status or standing in communicative practices; unfair distinctions in authority; and unwarranted distrust.
Epistemic closure [1] is a property of some belief systems. It is the principle that if a subject S {\displaystyle S} knows p {\displaystyle p} , and S {\displaystyle S} knows that p {\displaystyle p} entails q {\displaystyle q} , then S {\displaystyle S} can thereby come to know q {\displaystyle q} .
Intellectual responsibility (also known as epistemic responsibility) is the quality of being adequately reflective about the truth of one's beliefs. [1] People are intellectually responsible if they have tried hard enough to be reflective about the truth of their beliefs, aiming not to miss any information that would cause them to abandon those beliefs as false.
"Epistemic Injustice and Illness", with Ian James Kidd, Journal of Applied Philosophy, 34 (2017): 172-190. [ 20 ] "Epistemic Injustice in Healthcare Encounters: Evidence from Chronic Fatigue Syndome", with C. Blease and K. Geraghty, Journal of Medical Ethics , 43 (2017): 549-557.
Epistemic innocence is a psychological phenomenon that applies to epistemically costly and epistemically beneficial cognition. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It determines the relationship between a cognition's psychological and epistemic benefits.
Put simply: social dispossession produces epistemic privilege." Wylie has perhaps provided the most succinct articulation of second-wave standpoint theory. For her, a standpoint does not mark out a clearly defined territory such as "women" within which members have automatic privilege but is a rather a posture of epistemic engagement.
Fallibilism claims that legitimate epistemic justifications can lead to false beliefs, whereas academic skepticism claims that no legitimate epistemic justifications exist (acatalepsy). Fallibilism is also different to epoché, a suspension of judgement, often accredited to Pyrrhonian skepticism .
Following the UPIAS "social definition of disability", in 1983 the disabled academic Mike Oliver coined the phrase social model of disability in reference to these ideological developments. [14] Oliver focused on the idea of an individual model (of which the medical was a part) versus a social model, derived from the distinction originally made ...