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The if clause body starts on line 3 since it is indented an additional level, and ends on line 4 since line 5 is indented a level less, a.k.a. outdented. The colon (:) at the end of a control statement line is Python syntax; not an aspect of the off-side rule. The rule can be realized without such colon syntax.
Pytest is a Python testing framework that originated from the PyPy project. It can be used to write various types of software tests, including unit tests, integration tests, end-to-end tests, and functional tests. Its features include parametrized testing, fixtures, and assert re-writing.
Assertions are often enabled during development and disabled during final testing and on release to the customer. Not checking assertions avoids the cost of evaluating the assertions while (assuming the assertions are free of side effects) still producing the same result under normal conditions. Under abnormal conditions, disabling assertion ...
The highlighted assertions within the loop body, at the beginning and end of the loop (lines 6 and 11), are exactly the same. They thus describe an invariant property of the loop. When line 13 is reached, this invariant still holds, and it is known that the loop condition i!=n from line 5 has become false.
These examples, one from mathematics and one from natural language, illustrate the concept of vacuous truths: "For any integer x, if x > 5 then x > 3." [11] – This statement is true non-vacuously (since some integers are indeed greater than 5), but some of its implications are only vacuously true: for example, when x is the integer 2, the statement implies the vacuous truth that "if 2 > 5 ...
PyCharm – Cross-platform Python IDE with code inspections available for analyzing code on-the-fly in the editor and bulk analysis of the whole project. PyDev – Eclipse-based Python IDE with code analysis available on-the-fly in the editor or at save time. Pylint – Static code analyzer. Quite stringent; includes many stylistic warnings as ...
Python sets are very much like mathematical sets, and support operations like set intersection and union. Python also features a frozenset class for immutable sets, see Collection types. Dictionaries (class dict) are mutable mappings tying keys and corresponding values. Python has special syntax to create dictionaries ({key: value})
Unit is defined as a single behaviour exhibited by the system under test (SUT), usually corresponding to a requirement [definition needed].While it may imply that it is a function or a module (in procedural programming) or a method or a class (in object-oriented programming) it does not mean functions/methods, modules or classes always correspond to units.