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There are many proposed causes of sarcopenia and it is likely the result of multiple interacting factors. Understanding of the causes of sarcopenia is incomplete, however changes in hormones, immobility, age-related muscle changes, nutrition and neurodegenerative changes have all been recognized as potential causative factors.
In the elderly, this often leads to decreased biological reserve and increased vulnerability to stressors known as the "frailty syndrome." [3] Loss of lean body mass is also associated with increased risk of infection, decreased immunity, and poor wound healing. The weakness that accompanies muscle atrophy leads to higher risk of falls ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 24 January 2025. Long-term brain disorders causing impaired memory, thinking and behavior This article is about the cognitive disorder. For other uses, see Dementia (disambiguation). "Senile" and "Demented" redirect here. For other uses, see Senile (disambiguation) and Demented (disambiguation). Medical ...
Geriatrics, or geriatric medicine, [1] is a medical specialty focused on providing care for the unique health needs of the elderly. [2] The term geriatrics originates from the Greek γέρων geron meaning "old man", and ιατρός iatros meaning "healer".
Timing is important to wound healing. Critically, the timing of wound re-epithelialization can decide the outcome of the healing. [11] If the epithelization of tissue over a denuded area is slow, a scar will form over many weeks, or months; [12] [13] If the epithelization of a wounded area is fast, the healing will result in regeneration.
Hydrostatic pressure within blood vessels tends to cause water to filter out into the tissue. This leads to a difference in protein concentration between blood plasma and tissue. As a result, the colloidal or oncotic pressure of the higher level of protein in the plasma tends to draw water back into the blood vessels from the tissue. Starling's ...
Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
The subcutaneous tissue is a layer of fat between the dermis and underlying fascia. [14] This tissue may be further divided into two components, the actual fatty layer, or panniculus adiposus, and a deeper vestigial layer of muscle, the panniculus carnosus. [3] The main cellular component of this tissue is the adipocyte, or fat cell. [14]