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Primary ore deposits contain primary ores that may develop a geochemical dispersion halo known as primary dispersion expressions. [6] "These primary expressions are syndepositional in nature, and thus can occur at or close to the time of ore formation". [6] Primary ore expressions may show alteration of the host rocks.
Sapphire is one of the two gem-varieties of corundum, the other being ruby (defined as corundum in a shade of red). Although blue is the best-known sapphire color, it occurs in other colors, including gray and black, and also can be colorless. A pinkish orange variety of sapphire is called padparadscha.
Sapphire (gem corundum of any color except red, especially blue varieties) Sard (a variety of chalcedony/quartz) Satinspar (a variety of gypsum) Selenite (a variety of gypsum) Simetite (a variety of amber) Smoky quartz (a brown or black variety of quartz) Soda niter (synonym of nitratine) Spectrolite (a variety of labradorite) Spessartite ...
The primary use of apatite is as a source of phosphate in the manufacture of fertilizer and in other industrial uses. It is occasionally used as a gemstone. [27] Ground apatite was used as a pigment for the Terracotta Army of 3rd-century BCE China, [28] and in Qing Dynasty enamel for metalware. [29]
Bauxite is the main source of the rare metal gallium. [17] During the processing of bauxite to alumina in the Bayer process, gallium accumulates in the sodium hydroxide liquor. From this it can be extracted by a variety of methods. The most recent is the use of ion-exchange resin. [18]
The siderite at the end of phosphosiderite comes from the word "sideros", the Greek word for iron. It was published in 1890, and has been a valid species since pre- IMA . It is an IMA approved mineral which got grandfathered, meaning its name is still believed to refer to an existing species.
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It is the most common source ore for refining elemental mercury and is the historic source for the brilliant red or scarlet pigment termed vermilion and associated red mercury pigments. Cinnabar generally occurs as a vein-filling mineral associated with volcanic activity and alkaline hot springs .