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Trichomoniasis (trich) is an infectious disease caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. [2] About 70% of affected people do not have symptoms when infected. [ 2 ] When symptoms occur, they typically begin 5 to 28 days after exposure. [ 1 ]
Trichomonas vaginalis from a vaginal swab. This is a heavy infection; there were probably thousands of trichomonads in the vagina. Alfred Francois Donné (1801–1878) was the first to describe a procedure to diagnose trichomoniasis through "the microscopic observation of motile protozoa in vaginal or cervical secretions" in 1836.
Trichomonas vaginalis, being the species that causes the most complications in humans, is the only fully sequenced Trichomonas species. Through whole-genome shotgun sequencing, the Trichomonas vaginalis genome is estimated to be around 160 Mb long, divided into six chromosomes. However, at least 65% of its genome was found to be redundant.
Of the three species in the genus Trichomonas, T. tenax is the smallest, measuring only 5-14 μm long and 6-9 μm wide; specimens can be identified by their long axostyles and tails, 4 anterior flagella, and by the recurrent flagellum that raises an undulating membrane which is two thirds the length of the body. This undulating membrane may ...
Trichomoniasis is a common STI that is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite called Trichomonas vaginalis. [70] Trichomoniasis affects both women and men, but symptoms are more common in women. [71] Most patients are treated with an antibiotic called metronidazole, which is very effective. [72]
A wide range of protozoa live commensally in the rumens of ruminant animals, such as cattle and sheep. These include flagellates, such as Trichomonas, and ciliated protozoa, such as Isotricha and Entodinium. [71] The ciliate subclass Astomatia is composed entirely of mouthless symbionts adapted for life in the guts of annelid worms. [72]
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Protozoan parasite trichomonas vaginalis serve as the natural host. [1]
The bacteria typically does not survive long outside the body, typically dying within minutes to hours. [32] Risk factors. ... chlamydia and trichomoniasis. ...