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Duce (/ ˈ d uː tʃ eɪ / DOO-chay, Italian:) is an Italian title, derived from the Latin word dux, 'leader', and a cognate of duke. National Fascist Party leader Benito Mussolini was identified by Fascists as Il Duce ('The Leader') of the movement since the birth of the Fasci Italiani di Combattimento in 1919.
Mussolini thought of himself as an intellectual and was considered to be well-read. He read avidly; his favourites in European philosophy included Sorel, the Italian Futurist Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, French Socialist Gustave Hervé, Italian anarchist Errico Malatesta, and German philosophers Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx, the founders of ...
Arrested on the orders of the King, Mussolini was rescued by the Germans and became the puppet Head of State of the Italian Social Republic (regime under control of Nazi Germany) in northern Italy. Mussolini was executed by Italian partisans on 28 April 1945, while attempting to flee to Spain. Pietro Badoglio was Marshal of the Army.
Mussolini was originally a socialist politician and journalist at the Avanti! newspaper. In 1912, he became a member of the National Directorate of the Italian Socialist Party (PS
Italian Fascism called for women to be honoured as "reproducers of the nation" and the Italian Fascist government held ritual ceremonies to honour women's role within the Italian nation. [98] In 1934, Mussolini declared that employment of women was a "major aspect of the thorny problem of unemployment" and that for women working was ...
Mussolini envisioned a new political movement led by war veterans, argued that only those who had fought for their country were fit to govern, [28] and called for a "government by men in the trenches" who would become a new ruling class, the "aristocracy of tomorrow".
Fascism – its roots, legacy and contemporary manifestations – is a leitmotif running throughout the 79th Venice Film Festival as Italy marks the centenary of Italian dictator Benito Mussolini ...
Mussolini called for new election in April 1924. His Fascist Party formed a list, composed mainly by fascist members but also by some liberals like former Prime Ministers Vittorio Emanuele Orlando and Antonio Salandra, by politicians from the Italian Nationalist Association (ANI) like its leader Enrico Corradini, some Christian democrats expelled from the Italian People's Party and other right ...