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The Tagalog datu were maginoo who ruled over a community (a dulohan or barangay, literally "corner" and "balangay boat" respectively) or had a large enough following. These datu either ruled over a single community (a pook ) or were part of a larger settlement (a bayan , "city-state").
The Tondo Conspiracy of 1587, popularly known as the Conspiracy of the Maginoos (Spanish: La Conspiración de las Maginoos), also known as the Revolt of the Lakans, was a revolt planned by Tagalog nobles known as maginoos, led by Don Agustin de Legazpi of Tondo and his cousin Martin Pangan, to overthrow the Spanish government in the Philippines due to injustices against the Filipinos. [1]
Alipin (slaves), [9] which could further be subcategorized as aliping namamahay or aliping sa gigilid. The term datu or lakan, or apo refers to the chief, but the noble class to which the datu belonged to was known as the maginoo class. Any male member of the maginoo class can become a datu by personal achievement. [54]: "125"
Painting of a young woman of the Noble Maginoo caste adorned with gold ornaments. A Tagalog couple belong to Maginoo caste. A noble couple in Visayas. The painting of a young mother and her child which belong in Maginoo caste and their abode which is the Torogan in the background.
The fourth societal category above can be termed the datu class, and was a titled aristocracy. [5]: 150–151 The early polities were typically made up of three-tier social structure: a nobility class, a class of "freemen", and a class of dependent debtor-bondsmen: [6] [7] Datu (ruling class) and Maginoo (noble class, where the datu ascends from)
In a confederacy forged by alliances among polities, the datu would convene to choose a paramount chief from among themselves; their communal decision would be based on a datu's prowess in battle, leadership, and network of allegiances. Datu: Datus were maginoo with personal followings (dulohan or barangay).
A pre-colonial couple belonging to the datu or nobility as depicted in the Boxer Codex of the 16th century.. Datu is a title which denotes the rulers (variously described in historical accounts as chiefs, sovereign princes, and monarchs) of numerous Indigenous peoples throughout the Philippine archipelago. [1]
The term Paramount Ruler, or sometimes Paramount Datu, is a term used by historians [who?] to describe the highest ranking political authorities in the largest lowland polities or inter-polity alliance groups in early Philippine history, [1] most notably those in Maynila, Tondo, Pangasinan, Cebu, Bohol, Butuan, Cotabato, and Sulu.