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The chlorine cycle (Cl) is the biogeochemical cycling of chlorine through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and lithosphere. Chlorine is most commonly found as inorganic chloride ions, or a number of chlorinated organic forms. [1] [2] Over 5,000 biologically produced chlorinated organics have been identified. [3]
Evaporation under reduced pressure allows it to be concentrated further to about 40%, but then it decomposes to perchloric acid, chlorine, oxygen, water, and chlorine dioxide. Its most important salt is sodium chlorate, mostly used to make chlorine dioxide to bleach paper pulp. The decomposition of chlorate to chloride and oxygen is a common ...
The residence time of 36 Cl in the atmosphere is about 1 week. Thus, as an event marker of 1950s water in soil and ground water, 36 Cl is also useful for dating waters less than 50 years before the present. 36 Cl has seen use in other areas of the geological sciences, forecasts, and elements. In chloride-based molten salt reactors the ...
The chlorine atom, written often as Cl., behaves very differently from the chlorine molecule (Cl 2). The radical Cl. is long-lived in the upper atmosphere, where it catalyzes the conversion of ozone into O 2. Ozone absorbs UV-B radiation, so its depletion allows more of this high energy radiation to reach the Earth's surface.
However, the matter that makes up living organisms is conserved and recycled. The six most common elements associated with organic molecules — carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and sulfur — take a variety of chemical forms and may exist for long periods in the atmosphere, on land, in water, or beneath the Earth's surface.
Water is the medium of the oceans, the medium which carries all the substances and elements involved in the marine biogeochemical cycles. Water as found in nature almost always includes dissolved substances, so water has been described as the "universal solvent" for its ability to dissolve so many substances.
Earlier this week, the chlorine smoke closed schools and led to a shelter-in-place order for more than 90,000 residents east of Atlanta while some were told to evacuate after emergency officials ...
Nearly all atmospheric water vapor or moisture is found in the troposphere, so it is the layer where most of Earth's weather takes place. It has basically all the weather-associated cloud genus types generated by active wind circulation, although very tall cumulonimbus thunder clouds can penetrate the tropopause from below and rise into the ...