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The CHAT was initially developed in the early 1990s to screen for autism in children as young as 18 months. Prior to this point, diagnosis of autism was rare in children younger than 3 years old. [2] Additionally, no specialized screening tool had been developed to detect early signs of autism in young children. [3]
The first stage stratifies children into 3 group- low risk, medium risk, and high risk. Children who are medium risk go to the second stage for further clarification. A child whose score was greater than 3 at the first screening and greater than 2 on the second screening had a 47.5% risk of being diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder.
From 2011 to 2022, there was a 175% increase in autism diagnosis rates. [36] According to the CDC, in 2023, 1 in 36 8-year olds were found to be diagnosed with ASD while in 2018, only 1 in 44 8-year olds were found to be diagnosed with ASD. [37]
Research-determined cut-offs identify the potential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, allowing a standardized assessment of autistic symptoms. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R), a companion instrument, is a structured interview conducted with the parents of the referred individual to cover the subject's full developmental ...
The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) is a behavior rating scale intended to help diagnose autism. CARS was developed by Eric Schopler, Robert J. Reichler, and Barbara Rochen Renner. The scale was designed to help differentiate children with autism from those with other developmental delays, such as intellectual disability.
So, there is an acute need to consider the prevalence of difficulties in light of personal referral rates: Overall about 1 in 6 children between 0 and 21 will need special assistance: about 4% of children 0 – 2, 8% of children 0 – 3, 12% of children 0 – 4, and 16% of children 0 – 8. Constraints of time and money.
1. Individuals who meet the criteria for ADHD, Predominantly Inattentive Type, but their age of onset is later than 7 years old. 2. Individuals who present inattentive symptoms and meet the full criteria for the disorder but also have a behavioral pattern that is defined by having low energy, daydreaming, and laziness. Conduct disorder
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]