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Map of railway electrification in France as of 2020. Other versions of this map in medium and large formats. There are 15,687 km of electrified railways in France, making up approximately 55% of the network in use. [1] [2] For historical reason there are two norms of electrification that coexist in France: 1,500 V DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC.
The French railway network, as administered by SNCF Réseau, as of June 2007, [needs update] is a network of 29,213 kilometres (18,152 mi) of commercially usable lines, of which 15,141 km (9,408 mi) is electrified. 1,876 km (1,166 mi) of those are high speed lines (LGV), 16,445 km (10,218 mi) have two or more tracks. 5,905 km (3,669 mi) are ...
Railway electrification is the development of powering trains and locomotives using electricity instead of diesel or steam power.The history of railway electrification dates back to the late 19th century when the first electric tramways were introduced in cities like Berlin, London, and New York City.
The BB 1 to 80 are electric locomotives of the former Paris-Orléans company first built in 1924, taken over by the SNCF at its creation in 1938.. This class was one of a group of four, altogether totalling 200 locomotives for mixed traffic use, ordered by the Orléans network during the electrification of the Paris - Vierzon line; they were put into service between 1924 and 1928.
The first railway to use this system was completed in 1936 by the Deutsche Reichsbahn who electrified part of the Höllentalbahn between Freiburg and Neustadt installing a 20 kV 50 Hz AC system. This part of Germany was in the French zone of occupation after 1945.
[26] [27] A working group of the French Ministry of Ecology considers rail ground-level power supply technology to be the most likely candidate for electric roads. [28] The first standard for electrical equipment on board a vehicle powered by a rail electric road system (ERS), CENELEC Technical Standard 50717, has been approved in late 2022. [29]
First railway line by country. Europe was the epicenter of rail transport and has today one of the densest networks (an average of 46 km (29 mi) for every 1,000 km 2 (390 sq mi) in the EU as of 2013). [10]
In 1909, the Compagnie du Midi launched a vast program of electrification of its lines under the impetus of the engineer Jean-Raoul Paul (1869-1960). It was a huge challenge for the time because it went far beyond the scope of railway operations alone. It was necessary to build infrastructure such as dams, power plants and distribution systems.