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Soon after that the first Moon landing and the first landing on any extraterrestrial body was performed by Luna 2, [1] which intentionally impacted the Moon on 14 September 1959. The far side of the Moon , which is always facing away from Earth due to tidal locking , was seen for the first time by Luna 3 in (7 October 1959).
The far side of the Moon was first photographed on October 7, 1959, by the Soviet probe Luna 3. Though vague by today's standards, the photos showed that the far side of the Moon almost completely lacked maria. The first American probe to fly by the Moon was Pioneer 4 on March 4, 1959, which occurred shortly after Luna 1. It was the only ...
Approximate axial parallelism of the Moon's orbit results in relative revolution of the lunar nodes as the Earth revolves around the Sun. This causes an eclipse season approximately every six months. Nodal precession occurs every 18.6 years. The lunar nodes are the points where the Moon's orbit intersects the ecliptic
If this had not happened, the Moon would now lie much closer to the ecliptic and eclipses would be much more frequent. [10] The rotational axis of the Moon is not perpendicular to its orbital plane, so the lunar equator is not in the plane of its orbit, but is inclined to it by a constant value of 6.688° (this is the obliquity).
The USSR and the US both launch probes to the Moon, but NASA's Pioneer probes all failed. The Soviet Luna program was more successful. Luna 2 crash-lands on the Moon's surface in September, and Luna 3 returns the first pictures of the Moon's farside in October.
The timeline of discovery of Solar System planets and their natural satellites charts the progress of the discovery of new bodies over history. Each object is listed in chronological order of its discovery (multiple dates occur when the moments of imaging, observation, and publication differ), identified through its various designations (including temporary and permanent schemes), and the ...
Artist's depiction of a collision between two planetary bodies. Such an impact between Earth and a Mars-sized object likely formed the Moon.. The giant-impact hypothesis, sometimes called the Theia Impact, is an astrogeology hypothesis for the formation of the Moon first proposed in 1946 by Canadian geologist Reginald Daly.
After the vehicle reached orbit, the S-IVB third stage shut down, and the astronauts performed checks of the spacecraft before restarting the stage for translunar injection (TLI), the burn that placed the vehicle on course for the Moon. After TLI, the CSM separated from the S-IVB, and Roosa performed the transposition maneuver, turning it ...