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Clinically significant symptoms of these two conditions commonly co-occur, and children with both sets of symptoms may respond poorly to standard ADHD treatments. Individuals with autism spectrum disorder may benefit from additional types of medications. [13] [14] The term AuDHD is sometimes used for those with both autism and ADHD.
Owing to the limited number of patients diagnosed, the full extent of symptoms is not fully understood. Typically, the condition manifests itself via absence seizures, myoclonic-atonic epilepsy and mild-to-moderate learning disability. [2] In addition, speech difficulties and behavioral problems have been reported.
The epileptic seizure in the vast majority of pediatric epilepsy patients is ephemeral, and symptoms typically subside on their own after the seizure comes to an end, but some children experience what is known as a “seizure cluster," in which the first seizure is followed by a second episode approximately six hours later.
Epilepsy is present in the majority of cases, with approximately 80-98% of patients affected by seizures. [8] Truncal hypotonia and clumsy or ataxic gait are typical. [5] Behavioral and sleep problems are also common. [9] [10] Approximately 50% of patients receive a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. [8] Some patients have significant ...
Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) previously known as West syndrome needs the inclusion of epileptic spasms for diagnosis. [1] Epileptic spasms (also known as infantile spasms) may also occur outside of a syndrome (that is, in the absence of hypsarrhythmia and cognitive regression) - notably in association with severe brain disorders (e.g. lissencephaly).
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects three to five times more children with epilepsy than children without the condition. [54] ADHD and epilepsy have significant consequences on a child's behavioral, learning, and social development. [55] Epilepsy is also more common in children with autism. [56]
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11] Sensory abnormalities are also included in the diagnostic manuals ...
Patients usually present first with seizures within the first months of life, followed by infantile spasms which progress to epileptic seizures that are largely refractory to treatment. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Development of gross motor skills , such as sitting, standing, and walking, is severely delayed, along with restricted fine motor skills . [ 4 ]
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