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35 mm equivalent focal lengths are calculated by multiplying the actual focal length of the lens by the crop factor of the sensor. Typical crop factors are 1.26× – 1.29× for Canon (1.35× for Sigma "H") APS-H format, 1.5× for Nikon APS-C ("DX") format (also used by Sony, Pentax, Fuji, Samsung and others), 1.6× for Canon APS-C format, 2× for Micro Four Thirds format, 2.7× for 1-inch ...
Zoom lenses are often described by the ratio of their longest to shortest focal lengths. For example, a zoom lens with focal lengths ranging from 100 mm to 400 mm may be described as a 4:1 or "4×" zoom. Typical zoom lenses cover a 3.5× range, for example 24–90 mm (standard zoom) or 60–200 mm (telephoto zoom).
Optically designed as a reverse telephoto to enable the lens to fit into a standard mount as the focal length can be less than the distance from lens mount to focal plane. Long-focus lens - a lens with a focal length greater than the diagonal of the film frame or sensor. Long focus lenses are relatively simple to design, the challenges being ...
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A fast prime (fixed focal length) lens, the Canon 50mm f / 1.4 (left), and a slower zoom lens, the Canon 18–55mm f / 3.5–5.6 (right); this lens is faster at 18mm than it is at 55mm. Lens speed is the maximum aperture diameter, or minimum f-number , of a photographic lens .
The term prime has come to mean the opposite of zoom—a fixed-focal-length, or unifocal lens. [1] [2] [3]While a prime lens of a given focal length is less versatile than a zoom lens, it is often of superior optical quality, wider maximum aperture, lighter weight, and smaller size.
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