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The elderly are also more prone to prolonged nosebleeds as their blood vessels are less able to constrict and control the bleeding. The vast majority of nosebleeds occur in the front anterior (front) part of the nose from the nasal septum. This area is richly endowed with blood vessels (Kiesselbach's plexus).
Epistaxis, or nosebleed, is a special case, where almost all first aid providers train the use of pressure points. The appropriate point here is on the soft fleshy part of the nose, which should constrict the capillaries sufficiently to stop bleeding, although obviously it does not stop bleeding from the nasopharynx or tear ducts .
Adverse effects include nasal irritation, nosebleeds, headache, and drainage after the irrigation is done. It is generally well tolerated. [2] There is a risk of infection if the water is not sterile or the device is not cleaned after use. If the device is used improperly this can be harmful. [4]
Malnutrition and poor nutritional status is an area of concern, affecting 12% to 50% of hospitalized elderly patients and 23% to 50% of institutionalized elderly patients living in long-term care facilities such as assisted living communities and skilled nursing facilities. [19]
The Senior Citizens Health Facilities Program Implementation Guideline, 2061BS provides medical facilities to the elderly, free medicines as well as health care to people who are poverty stricken in all districts. [49] In its yearly budget, the government has planned to fund free health care for all heart and kidney patients older than 75. [49]
Senile pruritus is one of the most common conditions in the elderly or people over 65 years of age with an emerging itch that may be accompanied with changes in temperature and textural characteristics. [1] [2] [3] In the elderly, xerosis, is the most common cause for an itch due to the degradation of the skin barrier over time. [4]
The community health nurse has a role of education in the area of gerontological nursing research. The older client has areas in the community such as the local senior center, where they can have their blood sugar and blood pressure checked. There are community centers where the elderly patient can receive their influenza and pneumococcal vaccines.
Although treatment of an uncomplicated fracture of nasal bones is not urgent—a referral for specific treatment in five to seven days usually suffices—an associated injury, nasal septal hematoma, occurs in about 5% of cases and does require urgent treatment and should be looked for during the assessment of nasal injuries.