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Bacterial transcription is the process in which a segment of bacterial DNA is copied into a newly synthesized strand of messenger RNA (mRNA) with use of the enzyme RNA polymerase. The process occurs in three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination; and the result is a strand of mRNA that is complementary to a single strand of DNA.
In genetics, a transcription terminator is a section of nucleic acid sequence that marks the end of a gene or operon in genomic DNA during transcription.This sequence mediates transcriptional termination by providing signals in the newly synthesized transcript RNA that trigger processes which release the transcript RNA from the transcriptional complex.
Once RNA polymerase reaches the termination signal, transcription is terminated. [1] In bacteria, there are two main types of termination signals: intrinsic and factor-dependent terminators. [1] In the context of translation, a termination signal is the stop codon on the mRNA that elicits the release of the growing peptide from the ribosome. [2]
Transcription termination in eukaryotes is less well understood than in bacteria, but involves cleavage of the new transcript followed by template-independent addition of adenines at its new 3' end, in a process called polyadenylation. [49]
Intrinsic, or rho-independent termination, is a process to signal the end of transcription and release the newly constructed RNA molecule. In bacteria such as E. coli , transcription is terminated either by a rho-dependent process or rho-independent process.
Bacterial translation is the ... and translation and transcription are coupled. ... The post-termination complex formed by the end of the termination step consists of ...
The process occurs in three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination; and the end result is a strand of RNA that is complementary to a single strand of DNA. A number of transcription factors govern this process with homologs in both bacteria and eukaryotes, with the core machinery more similar to eukaryotic transcription. [1] [2]
A ρ factor (Rho factor) is a bacterial protein involved in the termination of transcription. [1] Rho factor binds to the transcription terminator pause site, an exposed region of single stranded RNA (a stretch of 72 nucleotides) after the open reading frame at C-rich/G-poor sequences that lack obvious secondary structure.