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Hash oil or cannabis oil is an oleoresin obtained by the extraction of cannabis or hashish. [1] It is a cannabis concentrate containing many of its resins and terpenes – in particular, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and other cannabinoids. Hash oil is usually consumed by smoking, vaporizing or eating. [2]
These are achieved at lower doses, because many synthetic cannabinoids are more potent than marijuana, and users are often unaware of exactly what they are getting and how potent it is. [55] For example, Δ 9-THC has an EC 50 of 250 nM at CB 1 and 1157 nM at CB 2, whereas PB-22 has an EC 50 of 5.1 nM at CB 1 and 37 nM at CB 2. [8]
The UNODC states that cannabis often contains 5% THC content, resin "can contain up to 20% THC content", and that "Cannabis oil may contain more than 60% THC content." [ 145 ] Studies have found that the potency of illicit cannabis has greatly increased since the 1970s, with THC levels rising and CBD levels dropping.
A 2020 study published in the Journal of Translational Medicine noted that THC—the main psychoactive ingredient in cannabis—has been noted to increase anxiety, while CBD—a cannabis ...
THC has a low water solubility therefore it is most effective when ingested alongside a fatty meal or snack. [26] Not all hashish can be consumed orally as some is not decarboxylated during manufacture. Generally the methods are similar to overall cannabis consumption. As hashish’s active ingredient is THC, it has the same effects as cannabis.
The psychoactive component of cannabis, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is not effective in treating emotion-regulation and anxiety-related symptoms. [20] Conversely, THC has been empirically related to an increase anxiety symptoms through impacts on neurological areas impacting serotonin, noradrenalin, GABA and glutamate. [20] [21] [22] [23]
The problem is that CBD products, like CBD oil, may contain trace amounts—or even illegally large amounts—of THC. CBD can come from hemp or marijuana plants, which are both varieties of the ...
CBD shares a precursor with THC and is the main cannabinoid in CBD-dominant Cannabis strains. CBD has been shown to play a role in preventing the short-term memory loss associated with THC. [29] There is tentative evidence that CBD has an anti-psychotic effect, but research in this area is limited. [30] [24]