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It is the opposite of determinism and related to chance. It is highly relevant to the philosophical problem of free will, particularly in the form of metaphysical libertarianism. In science, most specifically quantum theory in physics, indeterminism is the belief that no event is certain and the entire outcome of anything is probabilistic.
Eliminative materialism, according to which everything is physical and mental things do not exist [24] Reductive physicalism, according to which mental things do exist and are a kind of physical thing [24] [note 1] Certain positions do not fit easily into the above categories, such as functionalism, anomalous monism, and reflexive monism ...
The same concept from the opposite angle is sometimes named pretty privilege. [3] Physical attractiveness is associated with positive qualities; in contrast, physical unattractiveness is associated with negative qualities. Many people make judgments of others based on their physical appearance which influence how they respond to these people.
The word "physicalism" was introduced into philosophy in the 1930s by Otto Neurath and Rudolf Carnap. [6]The use of "physical" in physicalism is a philosophical concept and can be distinguished from alternative definitions found in the literature (e.g., Karl Popper defined a physical proposition as one that can at least in theory be denied by observation [7]).
Nothing, no-thing, or no thing, is the complete absence of anything as the opposite of something and an antithesis of everything. The concept of nothing has been a matter of philosophical debate since at least the 5th century BC. Early Greek philosophers argued that it was impossible for nothing to exist.
The type–token distinction identifies physical objects that are tokens of a particular type of thing. [7] The "type" of which it is a part is in itself an abstract object. The abstract–concrete distinction is often introduced and initially understood in terms of paradigmatic examples of objects of each kind:
Measure of the separation of equal and opposite electric charges C⋅m L T I: vector Electric displacement field: D →: Strength of the electric displacement C/m 2: L −2 T I: vector field Electric field strength: E →: Strength of the electric field V/m, N/C L M T −3 I −1: vector field: Force: F →: Transfer of momentum per unit time ...
The opposite of suffering is pleasure or happiness. Suffering is often categorized as physical [3] or mental. [4] It may come in all degrees of intensity, from mild to intolerable. Factors of duration and frequency of occurrence usually compound that of intensity.