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The Rhodesian Bush War, also known as the Second Chimurenga as well as the Zimbabwe War of Independence, [13] was a civil conflict from July 1964 to December 1979 [n 1] in the unrecognised country of Rhodesia (later Zimbabwe-Rhodesia and now Zimbabwe).
The First Chimurenga is now celebrated in Zimbabwe as the First War of Independence. It is also known in the English speaking world as the Second Matabele War. This conflict refers to the 1896–1897 Ndebele-Shona revolt against the British South Africa Company's administration of the territory.
The Rhodesian Bush War, also referred to as the Rhodesian Civil War, Zimbabwe Independence War or Zimbabwean War of Liberation, as well as the Second Chimurenga, was a military conflict staged during the Decolonisation of Africa that pitted the armed and security forces loyal to the Rhodesian white minority-led government of Prime-minister Ian ...
The present era in Zimbabwe is called the Third Chimurenga, [9] by the ruling ZANU-PF. The Mugabe administration claims that colonial social and economic structures remained largely intact in the years after the end of Rhodesian rule, with a small minority of white farmers owning the vast majority of the country's arable land (many partys ...
The skirmish is generally considered the opening engagement of the Rhodesian Bush War (Second Chimurenga) [2] A team of seven ZANLA cadres engaged with British South Africa Police forces near the northern town of Sinoia. The seven guerrillas all eventually died in the battle, the police killing all seven.
These guerrilla armies proceeded to wage what they called the "Second Chimurenga" [n 2] against the Rhodesian government and security forces. The resulting conflict, the Rhodesian Bush War, began in earnest in December 1972, when ZANLA attacked Altena and Whistlefield Farms in north-eastern Rhodesia. [11]
Hwata Chiripanyanga who became Chief Hwata in 1892, played a leadership role in the First Chimurenga war of Southern Rhodesia in June 1896. He worked with Nehanda Nyakasina to organise resistance by the Hwata people against British settlers who had invaded their lands at PaGomba in Mazoe valley.
The United Kingdom Parliament then passed the Zimbabwe Act to put in place the country's independence constitution. On 21 December 1979, the formal agreement to a ceasefire in the Rhodesian Bush War (or second Chimurenga) was signed; Lord Soames also signed proclamations lifting the ban on ZANU-PF and the Zimbabwe African People's Union and ...