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Marathi used to have a /t͡sʰ/ but it merged with /s/. [4]Some speakers pronounce /d͡z, d͡zʱ/ as fricatives but the aspiration is maintained in /zʱ/. [4]A defining feature of the Marathi language is the split of Indo-Aryan ल /la/ into a retroflex lateral flap ळ (ḷa) and alveolar ल (la).
The Marathi—Konkani languages are the mainland Southern Indo-Aryan languages, spoken in Maharashtra and the Konkan region of India. The other branch of Southern Indo-Aryan languages is called Insular Indic languages , which are spoken in Insular South Asia (predominantly the island countries, Sri Lanka and Maldives ).
Marathi (/ m ə ˈ r ɑː t i /; [13] मराठी, Marāṭhī, pronounced [məˈɾaːʈʰiː] ⓘ) is a classical Indo-Aryan language predominantly spoken by Marathi people in the Indian state of Maharashtra and is also spoken in other states like in Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, and the territory of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu.
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Marathi on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Marathi in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
The grammar of the Marathi language shares similarities with other modern Indo-Aryan languages such as Odia, Gujarati or Punjabi. The first modern book exclusively about the grammar of Marathi was printed in 1805 by Willam Carey. [1] [2] The principal word order in Marathi is SOV (subject–object–verb). [3]
Carey's dictionary had fewer entries and Marathi words were in Devanagari. Translations of the Bible were first books to be printed in Marathi. These translations by William Carey, the American Marathi mission and the Scottish missionaries led to the development of a peculiar pidginized Marathi called "Missionary Marathi" in the early 1800s. [10]
The generation of Indo-Europeanists active in the last third of the 20th century (such as Calvert Watkins, Jochem Schindler, and Helmut Rix) developed a better understanding of morphology and of ablaut in the wake of Kuryłowicz's 1956 Apophony in Indo-European, who in 1927 pointed out the existence of the Hittite consonant ḫ. [13]
The -m-/-v- alternation is a common enough phenomenon in Dravidian phonology". [30] Bhadriraju Krishnamurti states in his reference book The Dravidian languages: [31] Joseph (1989: IJDL 18.2:134–42) gives extensive references to the use of the term draviḍa, dramila first as the name of a people, then of a country.