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An insulin analog (also called an insulin analogue) is any of several types of medical insulin that are altered forms of the hormone insulin, different from any occurring in nature, but still available to the human body for performing the same action as human insulin in terms of controlling blood glucose levels in diabetes.
Other serious side effects may include low blood potassium. [5] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is generally safe. [7] It works the same as human insulin by increasing the amount of glucose that tissues take in and decreasing the amount of glucose made by the liver. [5] Insulin lispro was first approved for use in the United States in 1996.
Insulin aspart can be used in an insulin pump and insulin pen for subcutaneous injection. Additionally, it can be used with an injection port such as the I-port. [25] Insulin aspart has a more rapid onset, and a shorter duration of activity than normal human insulin. [26] Insulin aspart can also be used with external insulin pumps. [13]
The differences mean that insulin degludec is absorbed more slowly by the body. [6] This means it has a long duration of action. [6] Meanwhile, insulin aspart is absorbed faster by the body than human insulin, and therefore it starts to work as soon as it is injected and has a short duration of action. [6]
Some side effects are hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), hypokalemia (low blood potassium), and allergic reactions. [6] Allergy to insulin affected about 2% of people, of which most reactions are not due to the insulin itself but to preservatives added to insulin such as zinc, protamine, and meta-cresol.
Insulin glulisine, sold under the brand name Apidra among others, is a rapid-acting modified form of medical insulin used for the treatment of diabetes. It differs from human insulin in that the amino acid asparagine at position B3 is replaced by lysine and the lysine in position B29 is replaced by glutamic acid . [ 2 ]
The effects of each macronutrient on insulin responses Researchers at the University of British Columbia studied how human pancreatic islets secrete insulin in response to different nutrients.
Other serious side effects include low blood potassium. [7] NPH insulin rather than insulin glargine is generally preferred in pregnancy. [8] After injection, microcrystals slowly release insulin for about 24 hours. [7] This insulin causes body tissues to absorb glucose from the blood and decreases glucose production by the liver. [7]