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Shams-i Tabrīzī (Persian: شمس تبریزی) or Shams al-Din Mohammad (1185–1248) was a Persian [1] Shafi'ite [1] poet, [2] who is credited as the spiritual instructor of Mewlānā Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhi, also known as Rumi and is referenced with great reverence in Rumi's poetic collection, in particular Diwan-i Shams-i Tabrīzī.
Rumi's Thoughts, edited by Seyed G. Safavi, London: London Academy of Iranian Studies, 2003. William Chittick, The Sufi Doctrine of Rumi: Illustrated Edition, Bloomington: World Wisdom, 2005. Şefik Can, Fundamentals of Rumi's Thought: A Mevlevi Sufi Perspective, Sommerset (NJ): The Light Inc., 2004, ISBN 978-1-932099-79-9.
Therefore, most of the poems probably date from around 1247 C.E. and the years that followed until Rumi had overcome his grief over the loss of Shams. [22] Another seventy poems in the Divan were written after Rumi had confirmed that Shams was dead. [22] Rumi dedicated these poems to his friend Salah al-Din Zarkub, who died in December 1258. [22]
The book has been translated into English under the title Discourses of Rumi by A. J. Arberry in 1961 and consists of 71 discourses. Another translation by Dr. Bankey Behari was published in 1998 under the title Fiha Ma Fiha, Table Talk of Maulani Rumi (DK Publishers, New Delhi), ISBN 81-7646-029-X .
The Masnavi, or Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi (Persian: مثنوی معنوی, DMG: Mas̲navī-e maʻnavī), also written Mathnawi, or Mathnavi, is an extensive poem written in Persian by Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, also known as Rumi. It is a series of six books of poetry that together amount to around 25,000 verses or 50,000 lines.
Rumi: Persia 1207–1273 Sufi Described as the "most popular poet in America", [54] he was an evolutionary thinker, in that he believed that all matter after devolution from the divine Ego experience an evolutionary cycle by which it return to the same divine Ego, [55] which is due to an innate motive which he calls love.
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Earlier documents reveal that Rumi arrived in Bengal in 1053 CE (445 Hijri) with his teacher Syed Shah Surkhul Antia and ten disciples. This was a century before the arrival of Muslim general Bakhtiyar Khalji and 250 years before Shah Jalal's Conquest of Sylhet in 1303 CE. Thus, Rumi arrived in Bengal even before the conquests. [4] [5]