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The North African campaign of World War II took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943, fought between the Allies and the Axis Powers. It included campaigns in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts ( Western Desert campaign , Desert War), in Morocco and Algeria ( Operation Torch ), and in Tunisia ( Tunisia campaign ).
Prior to the landings in French Morocco, and after the fall of France in World War II, the U.S. State Department had maintained in French North Africa an unusually large number of very able consular officials. This group was under the leadership of Mr. Robert Murphey, later General Eisenhower's political adviser.
Map showing French colonies, protectorates and mandates (in blue) in Africa in 1930; namely French Equatorial Africa, French North Africa, French Somaliland and French West Africa. Along with former Belgian colonies (shown in yellow), these areas today make up the bulk of francophone Africa .
Goumiers were indigenous Moroccan soldiers in World War II, initially fighting on behalf of Vichy France and the Axis powers. [7] Fifty-three percent of the soldiers provided to France by its colonial empire in September 1939 came from Morocco and areas of North Africa. [7]
The Battle of Gabon (French: Bataille du Gabon), also called the Gabon Campaign (Campagne du Gabon), occurred in November 1940 during World War II. The battle resulted in forces under the orders of General Charles de Gaulle taking the colony of Gabon and its capital, Libreville, from Vichy France, and the rallying of French Equatorial Africa to Free France.
The Battle of Gabon (French: Bataille du Gabon), also called the Gabon Campaign (Campagne du Gabon), [4] occurred in November 1940 during World War II.The battle resulted in forces under the orders of General Charles de Gaulle taking the colony of Gabon and its capital, Libreville, from Vichy France, and the rallying of French Equatorial Africa to Free France.
East Africa (10 June 1940 – 27 November 1941) North Africa (10 June 1940 – 13 May 1943) Western Desert (11 June 1940 – 4 February 1943) French North Africa ( 8–16 November 1942) Tunisia (17 November 1942 – 13 May 1943) Malta (11 June 1940 – 20 November 1942) Bahrain (19 October 1940) Greco-Italian War (28 October 1940 to April 1941)
The French Liberation Army (French: Armée française de la Libération, AFL) a reunified French Army, is created in 1943 when the Army of Africa (Armée d'Afrique) led by General Giraud is combined with the Free French Forces (Forces Françaises Libres) of General de Gaulle [8] Italian campaign (World War II) begins (1943 to 1945)