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  2. Engine efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine_efficiency

    The efficiency of internal combustion engines depends on several factors, the most important of which is the expansion ratio. For any heat engine the work which can be extracted from it is proportional to the difference between the starting pressure and the ending pressure during the expansion phase.

  3. Combustion efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combustion_efficiency

    Combustion efficiency refers to the effectiveness of the burning process in converting fuel into heat energy. It is measured by the proportion of fuel that is efficiently burned and converted into useful heat, while minimizing the emissions of pollutants. [1] [2] Specifically, it may refer to: fuel efficiency; engine efficiency

  4. Internal combustion engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine

    An internal combustion engine (ICE or IC engine) is a heat engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.

  5. Naturally aspirated engine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturally_aspirated_engine

    Typical airflow in a four-stroke engine: In stroke #1, the pistons suck in (aspirate) air to the combustion chamber through the opened inlet valve.. A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a ...

  6. Fuel efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_efficiency

    Fuel efficiency is dependent on many parameters of a vehicle, including its engine parameters, aerodynamic drag, weight, AC usage, fuel and rolling resistance. There have been advances in all areas of vehicle design in recent decades. Fuel efficiency of vehicles can also be improved by careful maintenance and driving habits. [3]

  7. Homogeneous charge compression ignition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homogeneous_charge...

    Combustion occurs at the boundary of the fuel and air, producing higher emissions, but allowing a leaner and higher compression burn, producing greater efficiency. Controlling HCCI requires microprocessor control and physical understanding of the ignition process. HCCI designs achieve gasoline engine-like emissions with diesel engine-like ...

  8. Volumetric efficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric_efficiency

    Volumetric efficiency (VE) in internal combustion engine engineering is defined as the ratio of the equivalent volume of the fresh air drawn into the cylinder during the intake stroke (if the gases were at the reference condition for density) to the volume of the cylinder itself.

  9. Thrust-specific fuel consumption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrust-specific_fuel...

    The following table gives the efficiency for several engines when running at 80% throttle, which is approximately what is used in cruising, giving a minimum SFC. The efficiency is the amount of power propelling the plane divided by the rate of energy consumption. Since the power equals thrust times speed, the efficiency is given by