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Althusser has enhanced the Marxist theory of the state by distinguishing the repressive apparatuses of the state from the ideological apparatuses of the state (ISA), which comprise an array of social institutions and multiple, political realities that propagate many ideologies—the religious ISA, the educational ISA, the family ISA, the legal ...
In "Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses (Notes Towards an Investigation)", [6] Althusser introduces the concepts of ideological state apparatuses (ISAs) and repressive state apparatuses (RSAs), institutions which make up society and which are instrumental to the constant reproduction of the relations of production in that society. While ...
Althusser has had broad influence in the areas of Marxist philosophy and post-structuralism: interpellation has been popularized and adapted by the feminist philosopher and critic Judith Butler, and elaborated further by Göran Therborn; the concept of ideological state apparatuses has been of interest to Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek ...
Lenin and Philosophy and Other Essays is a collection of essays, written by the Marxist philosopher Louis Althusser, published in 1971. [10] A similar edition in French is Lénine et la philosophie suivi de Marx et Lénine devant Hegel (Paris, 1972).
He accused Althusser of ignoring working class struggles in favor of an abstract "science of history", and noted that Althusser himself admitted that Reading Capital largely ignored the class struggle. [5] William S. Lewis described Reading Capital as the culmination of the rereading of Marx that Althusser began in 1953. He considered it a ...
Louis Althusser further developed it in his writing on what he called Ideological State Apparatuses, arguing that the latter's power is partly based on symbolic repression. [3] The concept of symbolic power was first introduced by Pierre Bourdieu in La Distinction. Bourdieu suggested that cultural roles are more dominant than economic forces in ...
The parliamentary structures of the State, by which elected politicians exercise the will of the people also are an ideological apparatus of the State, given the State's control of which populations are allowed to participate as political parties. In itself, the political system is an ideological apparatus, because citizens' participation ...
Althusser is also widely known as a theorist of ideology and his best-known essay is Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses: Notes Toward an Investigation. [62] The essay establishes the concept of ideology, also based on Gramsci's theory of hegemony.