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Artha (/ ˈ ɑːr t ə,-θ ə /; Sanskrit: अर्थ; Pali: Attha, Tamil: பொருள், poruḷ) is one of the four goals or objectives of human life in Hindu traditions. [1] It includes career, skills, health, wealth, prosperity and the means or resources needed for a fulfilling life.
Yet, while Schlingloff shows that the description of fortifications in the Arthashastra is pretty accurate when compared with archaeological remains, [58] the fortications excavated at Pāṭaliputra, the capital of the Maurya empire, are made of wood," something which would have been impossible if it was the prime minister of Chandragupta had ...
What is given in the tradition [Smriti] is the second, and the conventions of cultured people are the third. – Baudhayana Dharma-sūtra 1.1.1-1.1.4 The Dharma is set forth in the vedas and the Traditional Texts [Smriti]. When these do not address an issue, the practice of cultured people becomes authoritative.
In Hinduism, Śāstra pramāṇam refers to the authority of the scriptures (śruti, Vedas) with regard to puruṣārtha, the objects of human pursuit, namely dharma (right conduct), artha (means of life), kāma (pleasure) and mokṣa (liberation). [1]
[M]ost of the basic ideas and practices of classical Hinduism derive from the new smriti literature. In other words, Hindus for the most part pay little more than lip service to the Vedic scriptures. The most important dimensions of being Hindu derive, instead, from the smriti texts. The point can also be made in terms of the emerging social ...
In Hinduism's sacred literature, the "great" elements (mahābhūta) are fivefold: aether, air, fire, water and earth. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] See also the Samkhya Karika of Ishvara Krishna, verse 22. For instance, the Taittirīya Upaniṣad describes the five "sheaths" of a person (Sanskrit: puruṣa ), starting with the grossest level of the five evolving ...
The Vedic people were multi-religious and believed in the existence of heaven and hell and in the transmigration of souls. For them the performance of yajna was important, and no yajna was complete or fruitful without dakshina i.e. the fee to the priests, and dāna i.e. charity, both deemed meritorious acts or punya-karma ; they accepted the ...
According to the author's commentary, this mantra is repeated and a small quantity of water is sipped before an adherent starts eating. Anything that the devotee considers precious or valuable is placed in a container and covered. A small quantity of water taken in is supposed to be an upastarana (seat), on which subsequent morsels are placed.