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For example, some secondary metabolites are toxins used to deter predation, and others are pheromones used to attract insects for pollination. Secondary metabolites and pigments may have therapeutic actions in humans, and can be refined to produce drugs; examples are quinine from the cinchona , morphine and codeine from the poppy , and digoxin ...
Name Other common names Scientific name Drug Adverse effects Cinchona bark Cinchona pubescens: Warfarin Possible additive effect [3] Chamomile: Blood thinners [23] Devil's Claw: grapple plant, wood spider Harpagophytum: Warfarin Additive effect [3] Ephedra Ephedra: Caffeine, decongestants, stimulants [15] Increases sympathomimetic effect of ...
The plants' teratogenic properties and ability to induce severe birth defects were well known to Native Americans, [185] although they also used minute amounts of the winter-harvested root (combined with Salvia dorii to potentiate its effects and reduce the toxicity of the herb) to treat cancerous tumors. The toxic steroidal alkaloids are ...
Further research into this plant shows that it has been used around the world in traditional medicine for its antiseptic and analgesic properties. [10] The plant was harvested and turned into pastes and other topical methods. It was then applied to wounds or ingested for its medicinal properties. [10] Geum Aleppicum
The use of plants for medicinal purposes, and their descriptions, dates back two to three thousand years. [10] [11] The word herbal is derived from the mediaeval Latin liber herbalis ("book of herbs"): [2] it is sometimes used in contrast to the word florilegium, which is a treatise on flowers [12] with emphasis on their beauty and enjoyment rather than the herbal emphasis on their utility. [13]
Eryngium foetidum is a tropical perennial herb in the family Apiaceae.Common names include culantro (Panama) (/ k uː ˈ l ɑː n t r oʊ / or / k uː ˈ l æ n t r oʊ /), cimarrón, recao (Puerto Rico), chardon béni (France), Mexican coriander, samat, bandhaniya, long coriander, Burmese coriander, sawtooth coriander, Shadow Beni (Caribbean), and ngò gai (Vietnam).
With worldwide research into pharmacology as well as medicine, traditional medicines or ancient herbal medicines are often translated into modern remedies, such as the anti-malarial group of drugs called artemisinin isolated from Artemisia annua herb, a herb that was known in Chinese medicine to treat fever.
For example, herbs containing PAs were used in traditional Chinese medicine and by Native American tribes for their purported therapeutic properties. [3] It has been estimated that 3% of the world's flowering plants contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. [ 4 ]