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As most definitions of color difference are distances within a color space, the standard means of determining distances is the Euclidean distance.If one presently has an RGB (red, green, blue) tuple and wishes to find the color difference, computationally one of the easiest is to consider R, G, B linear dimensions defining the color space.
Chromaticity consists of two independent parameters, often specified as hue (h) and colorfulness (s), where the latter is alternatively called saturation, chroma, intensity, [1] or excitation purity. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] This number of parameters follows from trichromacy of vision of most humans, which is assumed by most models in color science .
HCL (Hue-Chroma-Luminance) or LCh refers to any of the many cylindrical color space models that are designed to accord with human perception of color with the three parameters. Lch has been adopted by information visualization practitioners to present data without the bias implicit in using varying saturation .
Colorimetry is "the science and technology used to quantify and describe physically the human color perception". [1] It is similar to spectrophotometry, but is distinguished by its interest in reducing spectra to the physical correlates of color perception, most often the CIE 1931 XYZ color space tristimulus values and related quantities.
HCL color space (Hue-Chroma-Luminance) on the other hand is a commonly used alternative name for the L*C*h(uv) color space, also known as the cylindrical representation or polar CIELUV. This name is commonly used by information visualization practitioners who want to present data without the bias implicit in using varying saturation.
These experiments sought to quantify the typical human chromatic response (color perception) and define it as the standard (colorimetric) observer. The standard observer is defined by the 3 color matching functions in one of the CIE 1931 color spaces. Due to the design of the experiments, the standard observer has the following constraints:
The Farnsworth–Munsell 100 Hue Color Vision test is a color vision test often used to test for color blindness.The system was developed by Dean Farnsworth in the 1940s and it tests the ability to isolate and arrange minute differences in various color targets with constant value and chroma that cover all the visual hues described by the Munsell color system. [1]
The difference between brightness and lightness is that the brightness is the intensity of the object independent of the light source. Lightness is the brightness of the object in respect to the light reflecting on it. This is important because the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect is a measure of the ratio between the two. [3]