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Fishes are a paraphyletic group and for this reason, the class Pisces seen in older reference works is no longer used in formal taxonomy.Traditional classification divides fish into three extant classes (Agnatha, Chondrichthyes, and Osteichthyes), and with extinct forms sometimes classified within those groups, sometimes as their own classes: [1]
Neopterygii (from Greek νέος neos 'new' and πτέρυξ pteryx 'fin') is a subclass of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii). Neopterygii includes the Holostei and the Teleostei, of which the latter comprise the vast majority of extant fishes, and over half of all living vertebrate species. [2]
Class Chondrichthyes (cartilagineous fish - sharks and rays) Class Osteichthyes (bony fish), which has two subclasses: Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish) Full details of higher order fish taxonomy can be found in the Chordata article.
Batomorphi is a clade of cartilaginous fishes, commonly known as rays, this taxon is also known as the superorder Batoidea, but the 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies it as the division Batomorphi. [2]
The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the Otocephala as a cohort and subdivides it above the level of order as set out below, the classification of extant taxa from the level of order and below follows Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: [8] [9] [10] Cohort Otocephala Superorder Clupeomorpha Greenwood et al. 1966
Osteichthyes (/ ˌ ɒ s t iː ˈ ɪ k θ iː z / ost-ee-IK-theez; from Ancient Greek ὀστέον (ostéon) 'bone' and ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish'), [2] also known as osteichthyans or commonly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse clade of vertebrate animals that have endoskeletons primarily composed of bone tissue.
Salmonidae (/ s æ l ˈ m ɒ n ɪ d iː /, lit. ' salmon-like ') is a family of ray-finned fish that constitutes the only currently extant family in the order Salmoniformes (/ s æ l ˈ m ɒ n ɪ f ɔːr m iː z /, lit. "salmon-shaped"), consisting of 11 extant genera and over 200 species collectively known as "salmonids" or "salmonoids".
Ostariophysi is the second-largest superorder of fish.Members of this superorder are called ostariophysians.This diverse group contains 10,758 species, about 28% of known fish species in the world and 68% of freshwater species, and are present on all continents except Antarctica.