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Prime number: A positive integer with exactly two positive divisors: itself and 1. The primes form an infinite sequence 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, ... Composite number: A positive integer that can be factored into a product of smaller positive integers. Every integer greater than one is either prime or composite.
3. Subfactorial: if n is a positive integer, !n is the number of derangements of a set of n elements, and is read as "the subfactorial of n". * Many different uses in mathematics; see Asterisk § Mathematics. | 1. Divisibility: if m and n are two integers, means that m divides n evenly. 2.
The word integer comes from the Latin integer meaning "whole" or (literally) "untouched", from in ("not") plus tangere ("to touch"). "Entire" derives from the same origin via the French word entier, which means both entire and integer. [9] Historically the term was used for a number that was a multiple of 1, [10] [11] or to the whole part of a ...
An integer sequence is a sequence whose terms are integers. A polynomial sequence is a sequence whose terms are polynomials. A positive integer sequence is sometimes called multiplicative, if a nm = a n a m for all pairs n, m such that n and m are coprime. [8] In other instances, sequences are often called multiplicative, if a n = na 1 for all n.
In number theory, "almost all positive integers" can mean "the positive integers in a set whose natural density is 1". That is, if A is a set of positive integers, and if the proportion of positive integers in A below n (out of all positive integers below n) tends to 1 as n tends to infinity, then almost all positive integers are in A. [16] [17 ...
Idempotence (UK: / ˌ ɪ d ɛ m ˈ p oʊ t ən s /, [1] US: / ˈ aɪ d ə m-/) [2] is the property of certain operations in mathematics and computer science whereby they can be applied multiple times without changing the result beyond the initial application.
The smallest odd integer with abundancy index exceeding 3 is 1018976683725 = 3 3 × 5 2 × 7 2 × 11 × 13 × 17 × 19 × 23 × 29. [ 8 ] If p = ( p 1 , ..., p n ) is a list of primes, then p is termed abundant if some integer composed only of primes in p is abundant.
In applied fields the word "tight" is often used with the same meaning. [2] smooth Smoothness is a concept which mathematics has endowed with many meanings, from simple differentiability to infinite differentiability to analyticity, and still others which are more complicated. Each such usage attempts to invoke the physically intuitive notion ...