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This innovation causes a major burst of animal coevolution. First freshwater pelomedusid turtles. Earliest krill. 120 Ma Oldest fossils of heterokonts, including both marine diatoms and silicoflagellates. 115 Ma First monotreme mammals. 114 Ma Earliest bees. [94] 112 Ma Xiphactinus, a large predatory fish, appears in the fossil record. 110 Ma
1871 — Othniel Charles Marsh discovers the first American pterosaur fossils. 1874-77 — Marsh finds a series of Equid fossils in the American West that shed light on the evolution of the horse. 1877 — The first Diplodocus skeleton is found near Cañon City, Colorado.
The list of fossils begins with Graecopithecus, dated some 7.2 million years ago, which may or may not still be ancestral to both the human and the chimpanzee lineage. For the earlier history of the human lineage, see Timeline of human evolution#Hominidae, Hominidae#Phylogeny.
Index fossils must have a short vertical range, wide geographic distribution and rapid evolutionary trends. Another term, "zone fossil", is used when the fossil has all the characters stated above except wide geographical distribution; thus, they correlate the surrounding rock to a biozone rather than a specific time period.
The discovery of a newly identified species — the oldest saber-toothed animal found and an ancient cousin to mammals — fills a longstanding gap in the fossil record. Ancient saber-toothed ...
The oldest human skeletal remains are the 40ky old Lake Mungo remains in New South Wales, but human ornaments discovered at Devil's Lair in Western Australia have been dated to 48 kya and artifacts at Madjedbebe in Northern Territory are dated to at least 50 kya, and to 62.1 ± 2.9 ka in one 2017 study.
Scientists in Argentina have discovered excellently preserved fossil remains of the oldest-known tadpole, the larval stage of a large frog species that lived alongside dinosaurs about 161 million ...
Eburnean Orogeny, series of tectonic, metamorphic and plutonic events establish Eglab Shield to the north of West African Craton and Man Shield to its south – Birimian domain of West Africa established and structured. c. 2,200 Ma – Iron content of ancient fossil soils shows an oxygen built up to 5–18% of current levels. [17]