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Rotary engines of the Wankel design are used in some automobiles, aircraft and motorcycles. These are collectively known as internal-combustion-engine vehicles (ICEV). [18] Where high power-to-weight ratios are required, internal combustion engines appear in the form of combustion turbines, or sometimes Wankel engines.
Fitted to a crude four-wheeled wagon, François Isaac de Rivaz first drove it 100 metres in 1813, thus making history as the first car-like vehicle known to have been powered by an internal-combustion engine. Samuel Brown patented the first internal combustion engine to be applied industrially in the United States in 1823. Brown also ...
Spark-ignition engines are commonly referred to as "gasoline engines" in North America, and "petrol engines" in Britain and the rest of the world. [1] Spark-ignition engines can (and increasingly are) run on fuels other than petrol/gasoline, such as autogas (), methanol, ethanol, bioethanol, compressed natural gas (CNG), hydrogen, and (in drag racing) nitromethane.
The M4+2 engine, also known as the double-piston internal combustion engine, is a type of internal combustion engine invented by Polish patent holder Piotr Mężyk. [1] The M4+2 engine took its name from a combination of two-stroke engines and four-stroke engines. The two-stroke combustion engine is characterized by a simple construction and ...
Typical airflow in a four-stroke engine: In stroke #1, the pistons suck in (aspirate) air to the combustion chamber through the opened inlet valve.. A naturally aspirated engine, also known as a normally aspirated engine, and abbreviated to N/A or NA, is an internal combustion engine in which air intake depends solely on atmospheric pressure and does not have forced induction through a ...
The efficiency of internal combustion engines depends on several factors, the most important of which is the expansion ratio. For any heat engine the work which can be extracted from it is proportional to the difference between the starting pressure and the ending pressure during the expansion phase. Hence, increasing the starting pressure is ...
International Journal of Engine Research. 12 (3): 209– 226. doi: 10.1177/1468087411401548. Reitz, Rolf D.; Duraisamy, Ganesh (February 2015). "Review of high efficiency and clean reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion in internal combustion engines". Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 46: 12– 71.
Internal combustion engines have to effectively manage the exhaust of the cooled combustion gas from the engine. The exhaust system frequently contains devices to control both chemical and noise pollution. In addition, for cyclic combustion engines the exhaust system is frequently tuned to improve emptying of the combustion chamber.