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Parabolic cylinder () function appears naturally in the Schrödinger equation for the one-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator (a quantum particle in the oscillator potential), [+] = (), where is the reduced Planck constant, is the mass of the particle, is the coordinate of the particle, is the frequency of the oscillator, is the energy, and () is the particle's wave-function.
Sphere packing in a cylinder is a three-dimensional packing problem with the objective of packing a given number of identical spheres inside a cylinder of specified diameter and length. For cylinders with diameters on the same order of magnitude as the spheres, such packings result in what are called columnar structures .
Therefore the volume of the upper half of the sphere is of the volume of the cylinder. The volume of the cylinder is = = ("Base" is in units of area; "height" is in units of distance. Area × distance = volume.) Therefore the volume of the upper half-sphere is and that of the whole sphere is .
The volume of a capsule is calculated by adding the volume of a ball of radius (that accounts for the two hemispheres) to the volume of the cylindrical part. Hence, if the cylinder has height h {\displaystyle h} ,
The new proofs involve using the Laplace transform of a carefully chosen modular function to construct a radially symmetric function f such that f and its Fourier transform f̂ both equal 1 at the origin, and both vanish at all other points of the optimal lattice, with f negative outside the central sphere of the packing and f̂ positive.
The weight of the displaced fluid can be found mathematically. The mass of the displaced fluid can be expressed in terms of the density and its volume, m = ρV. The fluid displaced has a weight W = mg, where g is acceleration due to gravity. Therefore, the weight of the displaced fluid can be expressed as W = ρVg.
Then the formula for the volume will be: If the function is of the y coordinate and the axis of rotation is the x-axis then the formula becomes: If the function is rotating around the line x = h then the formula becomes: [1]
They measure how the surface bends by different amounts in different directions from that point. We represent the surface by the implicit function theorem as the graph of a function, f, of two variables, in such a way that the point p is a critical point, that is, the gradient of f vanishes (this can always be attained by a suitable rigid motion).