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Two-point discrimination (2PD) is the ability to discern that two nearby objects touching the skin are truly two distinct points, not one. It is often tested with two sharp points during a neurological examination [ 1 ] : 632 [ 2 ] : 71 and is assumed to reflect how finely innervated an area of skin is.
The tool uses nylon monofilaments with varying calibrated diameters. The force needed to cause the monofilament to buckle determines the tactile reading. The filaments are calibrated by force applied, rather than by gram/mm 2 pressure ratings, because sensation follows force (when the stimulated area is small).
Spatial discrimination is another form of Two-point discrimination in which the practitioner tests for innervation of the skin with two blunt points of a compass (drawing tool). Just with like 2PD , the patient must be able to discriminate between the two applied points.
The dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway (DCML) (also known as the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway (PCML) is the major sensory pathway of the central nervous system that conveys sensations of fine touch, vibration, two-point discrimination, and proprioception (body position) from the skin and joints.
Graphesthesia can be considered as a type of synthetic sensation as it involves a complex interaction between three neural components i.e. Tactile sensation, two point discrimination and cortical component that stores infirmation about the symbol/letter that is being traced in the skin and was learned through some previous experience.
Tactile discrimination is the ability to differentiate information received through the sense of touch. The texture discrimination task is a common task used in visual perception learning. Two-point discrimination is the ability to discern that two nearby objects touching the skin are distinct.
The dorsal column nuclei are responsible for fine touch, vibration, proprioception and two-point discrimination. The fibers of this decussation are called the internal arcuate fibers and are found at the superior aspect of the closed medulla oblongata , superior to the motor decussation .
Two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) is a method for measuring the sensitivity of a person or animal to some particular sensory input, stimulus, through that observer's pattern of choices and response times to two versions of the sensory input.