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The Ship Sarcophagus: a Phoenician ship carved on a sarcophagus, 2nd century AD.. The theory of Phoenician discovery of the Americas suggests that the earliest Old World contact with the Americas was not with Columbus or Norse settlers, but with the Phoenicians (or, alternatively, other Semitic peoples) in the first millennium BC.
In 1996, Mark McMenamin proposed that Phoenician sailors discovered the New World c. 350 BC. [106] The Phoenician state of Carthage minted gold staters in 350 BC bearing a pattern in the reverse exergue of the coins, which McMenamin initially interpreted as a map of the Mediterranean with the Americas shown to the west across the Atlantic.
The Nora Stone, found in Sardinia, Italy, in the 18th century, is the most ancient Phoenician inscription ever found outside the Phoenician heartland (c. 8th–9th century BC). It is indicative of the expansive trade network the Phoenicians established in ancient times. (National Archaeological Museum, Cagliari, Italy)
The Mediterranean c. 6th century BC: Phoenician settlements in red, Greek areas in blue, and other territories as marked. Colonies in antiquity were post-Iron Age city-states founded from a mother-city or metropolis rather than a territory-at-large.
In the history of the Americas, the pre-Columbian era, also known as the pre-contact era, or as the pre-Cabraline era specifically in Brazil, spans from the initial peopling of the Americas in the Upper Paleolithic to the onset of European colonization, which began with Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492.
The archaeology of the Americas is the study of the archaeology of the Western Hemisphere, including North America (Mesoamerica), Central America, South America and the Caribbean. This includes the study of pre-historic/ Pre-Columbian and historic indigenous American peoples , as well as historical archaeology of more recent eras, including the ...
A huge basin on a tiny island off the coast of Sicily, long thought to have been an ancient harbor, was actually a sacred freshwater pool surrounded by Phoenici
A study published in the Cell journal in 2019, analysed 49 ancient Indigenous American samples from all over North and South America, and concluded that all Indigenous American populations descended from a single ancestral source population which divided from Ancient East Asians, and admixed with Ancient North Eurasians (ANE), and gave rise to ...
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