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An endothermic process is a chemical or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings. [1] In terms of thermodynamics and thermochemistry, it is a thermodynamic process with an increase in the enthalpy H (or internal energy U) of the system. [2] In an endothermic process, the heat that a system absorbs is thermal energy transfer into ...
The reaction is usually endothermic as heat is required to break chemical bonds in the compound undergoing decomposition. If decomposition is sufficiently exothermic, a positive feedback loop is created producing thermal runaway and possibly an explosion or other chemical reaction. Thermal decomposition is a chemical reaction where heat is a ...
This is a strongly exothermic free-flame total oxidation of hydrogen sulfide generating sulfur dioxide that reacts away in subsequent reactions. The most important one is the Claus reaction: 2 H 2 S + SO 2 → 3 S + 2 H 2 O. The overall equation is: [5] 2 H 2 S + O 2 → 2 S + 2 H 2 O. The temperature inside Claus furnace is often maintained ...
The Van 't Hoff equation relates the change in the equilibrium constant, Keq, of a chemical reaction to the change in temperature, T, given the standard enthalpy change, ΔrH⊖, for the process. The subscript means "reaction" and the superscript means "standard". It was proposed by Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff in 1884 in his book ...
The Fischer–Tropsch process involves a series of chemical reactions that produce a variety of hydrocarbons, ideally having the formula (C n H 2n+2). The more useful reactions produce alkanes as follows: [7] (2 n + 1) H 2 + n CO → C n H 2n+2 + n H 2 O. where n is typically 10–20. The formation of methane (n = 1) is unwanted.
Hess's law. Hess’ law of constant heat summation, also known simply as Hess' law, is a relationship in physical chemistry named after Germain Hess, a Swiss -born Russian chemist and physician who published it in 1840. The law states that the total enthalpy change during the complete course of a chemical reaction is independent of the sequence ...
Water–gas shift reaction. The water–gas shift reaction (WGSR) describes the reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen: CO + H 2 O ⇌ CO 2 + H 2. The water gas shift reaction was discovered by Italian physicist Felice Fontana in 1780. It was not until much later that the industrial value of this ...
Chemical decomposition, or chemical breakdown, is the process or effect of simplifying a single chemical entity (normal molecule, reaction intermediate, etc.) into two or more fragments. [1] Chemical decomposition is usually regarded and defined as the exact opposite of chemical synthesis. In short, the chemical reaction in which two or more ...