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In the course of human history, slavery was a typical feature of civilization, [3] and was legal in most societies, but it is now outlawed in most countries of the world, except as a punishment for a crime. [4] [5] In chattel slavery, the slave is legally rendered the personal property (chattel) of the slave owner.
The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day. Likewise, its victims have come from many different ethnicities and religious groups. The social, economic, and legal positions of slaves have differed vastly in different systems of slavery in different times and places. [1]
The first comprehensive slave-code in an English colony was established in Barbados, an island in the Caribbean, in 1661. Many other slave codes of the time are based directly on this model. Modifications of the Barbadian slave codes were put in place in the Colony of Jamaica in 1664, and were then
Voluntary slavery, in theory, is the condition of slavery entered into at a point of voluntary consent. It is distinguished from involuntary slavery where an individual is forced to a period of servitude usually as punishment for a crime .
Broadside advertising bucks, wenches and a "picaninny" in Kentucky, 1855 Broadside advertising "acclimated" slaves separately from other people for sale, in New Orleans in 1858 . This is a glossary of American slavery, terminology specific to the cultural, economic, and political history of slavery in the United States
During the American colonial period a freeman was a person who was not a slave. The term originated in 12th-century Europe. In the Massachusetts Bay Colony, a man had to be a member of the Church to be a freeman; in neighboring Plymouth Colony a man did not need to be a member of the Church, but he had to be elected to this privilege by the General Court.
Slaves could testify in court but their testimony couldn't be considered a proof or be the basis for a ruling (art.30) A slave who struck his or her master, his wife, mistress or children would be executed (art. 33) A slave husband and wife and their prepubescent children under the same master were not to be sold separately (art. 47)
Slaves could be held if they were captives of war, if they sold themselves into slavery, were purchased from elsewhere, or if they were sentenced to slavery by the governing authority. [67] The Body of Liberties used the word "strangers" to refer to people bought and sold as slaves, as they were generally not native born English subjects.