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According to music historian Allen Lowe the definition of a breakdown is complex and contested, with different shades of meaning in different musical genres, including both white and black American musical history. It is characterized by solo performance, improvisation, and a focus on rhythmic or pentatonic patterns. [1]
A short piece of vocal music with lyrics is broadly termed a song, although in different styles of music, it may be called an aria or hymn. Vocal music often has a sequence of sustained pitches that rise and fall, creating a melody, but some vocal styles use less distinct pitches, such as chants or a rhythmic speech-like delivery, such as rapping.
All of the listed devices are attributes of African vocality and are used to emotionalize vocal and instrumental performances in African American vernacular music. [1] Guttural effects include screams, shouts, moans, and groans. Shouts may be intoned or nonintoned (definite in pitch/sung or indefinite in pitch/spoken).
Describing vocal sound is an inexact science largely because the human voice is a self-contained instrument. Since the vocal instrument is internal, the singer's ability to monitor the sound produced is complicated by the vibrations carried to the ear through the Eustachean (auditory) tube and the bony structures of the head and neck.
A part song, part-song or partsong is a form of choral music that consists of a secular (vs. ecclesiastical) song written or arranged for several vocal parts. Part songs are commonly sung by an SATB choir, but sometimes for an all-male or all-female ensemble. [5]
Song structure is the arrangement of a song, [1] and is a part of the songwriting process. It is typically sectional , which uses repeating forms in songs. Common piece-level musical forms for vocal music include bar form , 32-bar form , verse–chorus form , ternary form , strophic form , and the 12-bar blues .
Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture. Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music , including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and ...
An instrumental or instrumental song is music normally without any vocals, although it might include some inarticulate vocals, such as shouted backup vocals in a big band setting. Through semantic widening, a broader sense of the word song may refer to instrumentals. [1] [2] [3] The music is primarily or exclusively produced using musical ...