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A Thraex (left) fighting a murmillo, mosaic from Bad Kreuznach, Germany. The Thraex (pl.: Thraeces), or Thracian, was a type of Roman gladiator armed in Thracian style. His equipment included a parmula, a small shield (about 60 × 65 cm) that might be rectangular, square or circular; and a sica, a short sword with a curved blade like a small version of the Dacian falx, intended to maim an ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 14 January 2025. A retiarius ("net fighter") with a trident and cast net, fighting a secutor (79 AD mosaic). There were many different types of gladiators in ancient Rome. Some of the first gladiators had been prisoners-of-war, and so some of the earliest types of gladiators were experienced fighters ...
A gladiator (Latin: gladiator ' swordsman ', from Latin gladius 'sword') was an armed combatant who entertained audiences in the Roman Republic and Roman Empire in violent confrontations with other gladiators, wild animals, and condemned criminals. Some gladiators were volunteers who risked their lives and their legal and social standing by ...
The dimachaeri (singular: dimachaerus) were a type of Roman gladiator that fought with two swords ().The name is a borrowing into Latin of Ancient Greek διμάχαιρος dimákhairos 'bearing two knives' (δι-di-'two' + μάχαιρα mákhaira 'knife').
The Samnite, borrowed from the Campanians, was the earliest of the gladiator types and the model upon which later classes were based. The Samnite gladiators were also the first of at least three gladiator classes (list of Roman gladiator types) to be based on ethnic antecedents; other examples were the Gauls and the Thracians.
Hoplomachus, depicted on a Roman glass found in the Begram treasure. A hoplomachus (left) fights a thraex (right) (Terracotta, British Museum).. A hoplomachus (pl. hoplomachi) (hoplon meaning "equipment" in Greek) was a type of gladiator in ancient Rome, armed to resemble a Greek hoplite (soldier with heavy armor and helmet, a small, round, concave shield, a spear and a sword).
The study reveals that gladiators had a surprisingly meat-free diet, and they heavily consumed grains with an ancient form of a sports drink. Check out the slideshow above to learn about the diet ...
A retiarius stabs at a secutor with his trident in this mosaic from the villa at Nennig, c. 2nd–3rd century CE.. A retiarius (plural retiarii; literally, "net-man" in Latin) was a Roman gladiator who fought with equipment styled on that of a fisherman: a weighted net (rete (3rd decl.), hence the name), a three-pointed trident (fuscina or tridens), and a dagger ().