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  2. Argument from analogy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_analogy

    A false analogy is an informal fallacy, or a faulty instance, of the argument from analogy. An argument from analogy is weakened if it is inadequate in any of the above respects. The term "false analogy" comes from the philosopher John Stuart Mill, who was one of the first individuals to examine analogical reasoning in detail. [2]

  3. Fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallacy

    Creating a false dilemma (either-or fallacy) in which the situation is oversimplified, also called false dichotomy; Selectively using facts (card stacking) Making false or misleading comparisons (false equivalence or false analogy) Generalizing quickly and sloppily (hasty generalization) (secundum quid)

  4. List of fallacies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fallacies

    False analogy – an argument by analogy in which the analogy is poorly suited. [54] Hasty generalization (fallacy of insufficient statistics, fallacy of insufficient sample, fallacy of the lonely fact, hasty induction, secundum quid, converse accident, jumping to conclusions) – basing a broad conclusion on a small or unrepresentative sample ...

  5. Quoting out of context - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quoting_out_of_context

    Context may be omitted intentionally or accidentally, thinking it to be non-essential. As a fallacy, quoting out of context differs from false attribution, in that the out of context quote is still attributed to the correct source. Arguments based on this fallacy typically take two forms:

  6. Informal fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informal_fallacy

    Arguments from analogy are also susceptible to fallacies of relevance. An analogy is a comparison between two objects based on similarity. [33] [12] Arguments from analogy involve inferences from information about a known object (the source) to the features of an unknown object (the target) based on the similarity between the two objects. [34]

  7. Poisoning the well - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poisoning_the_well

    Unfavorable information (be it true or false) about person A is presented by another (e.g. "Before you listen to my opponent, may I remind you that he has been in jail"). Therefore, the claims made by person A will be false. [2] Poisoned-well arguments are sometimes used with preemptive invocations of the association fallacy. In this pattern ...

  8. Argument from fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_fallacy

    Argument from fallacy is the formal fallacy of analyzing an argument and inferring that, since it contains a fallacy, its conclusion must be false. [1] It is also called argument to logic (argumentum ad logicam), the fallacy fallacy, [2] the fallacist's fallacy, [3] and the bad reasons fallacy.

  9. Two wrongs don't make a right - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_wrongs_don't_make_a_right

    In rhetoric and ethics, "two wrongs don't make a right" and "two wrongs make a right" are phrases that denote philosophical norms. "Two wrongs make a right" has been considered as a fallacy of relevance, in which an allegation of wrongdoing is countered with a similar allegation.