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4), which do not react further. The chloramine solution can be concentrated by vacuum distillation and by passing the vapor through potassium carbonate which absorbs the water. Chloramine can be extracted with ether. Gaseous chloramine can be obtained from the reaction of gaseous ammonia with chlorine gas (diluted with nitrogen gas):
The nitrite ion has the chemical formula NO − 2. Nitrite (mostly sodium nitrite) is widely used throughout chemical and pharmaceutical industries. [1] The nitrite anion is a pervasive intermediate in the nitrogen cycle in nature. The name nitrite also refers to organic compounds having the –ONO group, which are esters of nitrous acid.
Inorganic chloramines are produced by the reaction of ammonia and hypochlorous acid or chlorine. An urban legend claims that mixing household bleach (aqueous sodium hypochlorite) with ammonia-based cleaners releases chlorine gas or mustard gas; in reality, the gas produced by the reaction is a mixture of inorganic chloramines.
The hypochlorites in liquid bleach and bleaching powder can react with ammonia to form a number of products, including monochloramine (NH 2 Cl), then dichloramine (NHCl 2) and finally nitrogen trichloride (NCl 3). Similar reactions may occur with amines or related compounds and biological materials (such as urine). The result depends on the ...
The identifying paper proposes that the chloronitramide anion is formed through the reaction of chloramine (or dichloramine, which forms in chloramine solution) with NO 2 +, one of its degradation products.
Some 113 million U.S. residents receive chloramine-treated water from their taps, according to the study. The chemical has been used for about a century to disinfect water.
Nitrosation is typically performed with nitrous acid, formed from acidification of a sodium nitrite solution. Nitrous acid is unstable, and high yields require a rapid reaction rate. NO + synthon transfer is catalyzed by a strong nucleophile, such as (in order of increasing efficacy) chloride, bromide, thiocyanate, or thiourea.
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