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The nine Muses on a Roman sarcophagus (second century AD)—Louvre, Paris According to Pausanias , who wrote in the later second century AD, there were originally three Muses, worshipped on Mount Helicon in Boeotia : Aoide ('song' or 'tune'), Melete ('practice' or 'occasion'), and Mneme ('memory'). [ 12 ]
According to Hesiod's Theogony, Zeus lay with the Titan Mnemosyne each night for nine nights in Piera, producing the nine Muses. [1] According to Apollonius of Rhodes, Terpsichore was the mother of the Sirens by the river god Achelous. [2] The Etymologicum Magnum mentions her as the mother of the Thracian king Biston by Ares. [3]
In Greek mythology and ancient Greek religion, Mnemosyne (/ n ɪ ˈ m ɒ z ɪ n iː, n ɪ ˈ m ɒ s ɪ n iː /; Ancient Greek: Μνημοσύνη, pronounced [mnɛːmosýːnɛː]) is the goddess of memory and the mother of the nine Muses by her nephew Zeus.
Melpomene is one of the nine Muses, the Muse of tragedy. [4] [5] Hesiod, Apollodorus, and Diodorus Siculus all held that Melpomene was the daughter of Zeus and Mnemosyne. She was the sister of the other Muses, Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia, and Urania. [4]
The nine muses were daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne, and are more familiar in classical descriptions of the muses than the earlier four. This was largely adapted into the ancient Roman religion as well. According to Cicero's De Natura Deorum ("On the Nature of the Gods"), "As to the Muses, there were at first four—Thelxiope, Aœde, Arche, and ...
A Marsian inscription also names the novensiles without the indigetes. [21] The 19th-century scholar Edward Greswell sought to connect the nine novensiles of the Sabines to the nundinal cycle, the eight-day "week" of the Roman calendar that Roman inclusive counting reckoned as nine days. [22]
Clio's name is etymologically derived from the Greek root κλέω/κλείω (meaning "to recount", "to make famous" or "to celebrate"). [6] [7] [8] The name's traditional Latinisation is Clio, [9] but some modern systems such as the American Library Association-Library of Congress system use K to represent the original Greek kappa, and ei to represent the diphthong ει (epsilon iota), thus ...
Urania (/ j ʊəˈr eɪ n i ə / yoor-AY-nee-ə; Ancient Greek: Οὐρανία, romanized: Ouranía; modern Greek shortened name Ράνια Ránia; meaning "heavenly" or "of heaven") was, in Greek mythology, the muse of astronomy and astrology. Urania is the goddess of astronomy and stars, her attributes being the globe and compass.