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The "Serapis" or "John Paul Jones" flag. Serapis is a name given to an unconventional, early United States ensign flown from the captured British frigate Serapis.. At the September 23, 1779 Battle of Flamborough Head, U.S. Navy Captain John Paul Jones captured the Serapis, but his own ship, the Bonhomme Richard, sank, and her ensign had been blown from the mast into the sea during the battle.
John Paul Jones (born John Paul; July 6, 1747 – July 18, 1792) was a Scottish-born American naval officer who served in the Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War. Often referred to as the "Father of the American Navy", Jones is regarded by several commentators as one of the greatest naval commanders in the military history of ...
The Continental Ship Alfred by W. Nowland Van Powell, depicting Continental Navy Lieutenant John Paul Jones first hoisting the flag at Philadelphia on December 3, 1775. By the end of 1775, during the first year of the Revolutionary War, the Continental Congress operated as a de facto war government, who had authorized the creation of the ...
The "John Paul Jones flag" was entered into Dutch records to help Jones avoid charges of piracy when he captured the Serapis under an "unknown flag". This flag is also known as the "Franklin Flag" due to its description by Benjamin Franklin.
HMS Serapis was a Royal Navy two-decked, Roebuck-class fifth rate. Randall & Brent built her at Greenland South Dockyard, Rotherhithe [2] and launched her in 1779. She was armed with 44 guns (twenty 18-pounders, twenty 9-pounders, and four 6-pounders).
On August 7, Capt. John Paul Jones, who had helped to fit her out as a warship and had been her first lieutenant on the cruise to New Providence, was placed in command of the ship. She departed Providence, Rhode Island , on October 26, 1776, in company with Hampden , but that vessel struck a "sunken rock" before they could leave Narragansett ...
During September 1779, the four remaining vessels from a seven-strong squadron, which had departed from the anchorage at Groix off L’Orient in France on 14 August, nominally under the command of American Continental Navy captain John Paul Jones, voyaged from a brief stop off Ireland, round the north of Scotland, and down the east coast of Britain, creating havoc wherever possible.
The Grand Union Flag, referred to as the "Flag of America," was the de facto naval ensign of the United States until June 14, 1777, when the 13 star flag was adopted by Congress. It was first hoisted aboard Commodore Esek Hopkins' flagship Alfred on the Delaware River by Lieutenant John Paul Jones on December 3, 1775. [2]