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Since C = 2πr, the circumference of a unit circle is 2π. In mathematics, a unit circle is a circle of unit radius—that is, a radius of 1. [1] Frequently, especially in trigonometry, the unit circle is the circle of radius 1 centered at the origin (0, 0) in the Cartesian coordinate system in the Euclidean plane.
All of the trigonometric functions of the angle θ (theta) can be constructed geometrically in terms of a unit circle centered at O. Sine function on unit circle (top) and its graph (bottom) In this illustration, the six trigonometric functions of an arbitrary angle θ are represented as Cartesian coordinates of points related to the unit circle.
For example, consider the problem of finding the length of a quarter of the unit circle by numerically integrating the arc length integral. The upper half of the unit circle can be parameterized as y = 1 − x 2 . {\displaystyle y={\sqrt {1-x^{2}}}.}
A circle is a shape consisting of all points in a plane that are at a given distance from a given point, the centre. The distance between any point of the circle and the centre is called the radius. The length of a line segment connecting two points on the circle and passing through the centre is called the diameter.
The smallest-circle problem (also known as minimum covering circle problem, bounding circle problem, least bounding circle problem, smallest enclosing circle problem) is a computational geometry problem of computing the smallest circle that contains all of a given set of points in the Euclidean plane.
Arc distances on a great circle are the same as the distance between the same points on a sphere, and on the hemispheres into which the circle divides the sphere.. The Riemannian unit circle of length 2 π can be embedded, without any change of distance, into the metric of geodesics on a unit sphere, by mapping the circle to a great circle and its metric to great-circle distance.
The Pythagorean triple (4,3,5) is associated to the rational point (4/5,3/5) on the unit circle. In mathematics, the rational points on the unit circle are those points (x, y) such that both x and y are rational numbers ("fractions") and satisfy x 2 + y 2 = 1. The set of such points turns out to be closely related to primitive Pythagorean triples.
Gauss's circle problem asks how many points there are inside this circle of the form (,) where and are both integers. Since the equation of this circle is given in Cartesian coordinates by x 2 + y 2 = r 2 {\displaystyle x^{2}+y^{2}=r^{2}} , the question is equivalently asking how many pairs of integers m and n there are such that