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Polo y servicio was the forced labor system without compensation [1] imposed upon the local population in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial period. [2] In concept, it was similar to Repartimiento, a forced labor system used in the Spanish America. [3] The word polo refers to community work, and the laborer was called polista. [4]
This system rewarded the Spanish conquerors with forced labor from the native peoples. A system of serfdom, the pre-colonial alipin system, already existed before the islands were colonized by the Spanish Empire in 1565, but it differed in that groups of native people were not obliged to render forced labor to superiors.
The history of the Philippines from 1565 to 1898 is known as the Spanish colonial period, during which the Philippine Islands were ruled as the Captaincy General of the Philippines within the Spanish East Indies, initially under the Viceroyalty of New Spain, based in Mexico City, until the independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain in 1821.
The Repartimiento (Spanish pronunciation: [repaɾtiˈmjento]) (Spanish, "distribution, partition, or division") was a colonial labor system imposed upon the indigenous population of Spanish America and the Philippines.
Francisco Maniago was a Filipino revolutionary leader who lived in the 17th century, during the Spanish colonization period in the Philippines.He led a revolt in Pampanga in 1660 [1] against the bandala system, where the locals were forced to sell their agricultural products at low prices, [2] and the polo y servicio system, a form of forced labor where the locals worked on any government ...
Trade with China is believed to have begun during the Tang dynasty, but grew more extensive during the Song dynasty. [26] By the 2nd millennium CE, some Philippine polities were known to have sent trade delegations which participated in the Tributary system enforced by the Chinese imperial court, trading but without direct political or military ...
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (' Events of the Philippine Islands ') is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in ...
Mestizo de sangley is a term that arose during Spanish colonization of the Philippines, where circumstances were different from colonial settlement of the Americas. During the Spanish colonization of the Americas of the 16th and 17th centuries, numerous male Spaniards ( conquistadors , explorers, missionaries, and soldiers) settled there.