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Pacioli created the manuscript at the beginning of the 16th century, soon after a new way of movement for queen and bishop was introduced to the rules of chess in the 1470s, making those pieces considerably stronger. [4] In addition, pawn promotion became more dangerous, since getting an additional queen now had bigger impact on the game. [4]
Chess initial position. The game of chess is commonly divided into three phases: the opening, middlegame, and endgame. [1] There is a large body of theory regarding how the game should be played in each of these phases, especially the opening and endgame.
Handbuch des Schachspiels (Handbook of Chess, often simply called the Handbuch) is a chess book, first published in 1843 [1] by Tassilo von Heydebrand und der Lasa.It was a comprehensive reference book on the game, and one of the most important references on opening theory for many decades.
The resulting standard game is sometimes referred to as Western chess [81] or international chess, [82] particularly in Asia where other games of the chess family such as xiangqi are prevalent. Since the 19th century, the only rule changes, such as the establishment of the correct procedure for claiming a draw by repetition, have been technical ...
Much literature about chess endgames has been produced in the form of books and magazines. A bibliography of endgame books is below. Many chess masters have contributed to the theory of endgames over the centuries, including Ruy López de Segura, François-André Philidor, Josef Kling and Bernhard Horwitz, Johann Berger, Alexey Troitsky, Yuri Averbakh, and Reuben Fine.
Alexey Alexeyevich Troitsky (Russian: Алексе́й Алексе́евич Тро́ицкий; March 14, 1866 – August 1942; also Alexei, Troitzky, Troitzki) was a Russian chess theoretician. He is widely considered to have been one of the greatest composers of chess endgame studies . [ 1 ]
Despite the disappointing way in which his playing career ended, [40] Staunton continued to write with enthusiasm about the progress of new technologies, players, and developments in chess theory. [22] [23] His last book, Chess: Theory and Practice, was sufficiently complete at the time of his death to be published posthumously in 1876, and it ...
Irving Chernev (January 29, 1900 – September 29, 1981) was a chess player and prolific Ukrainian-born American chess author. He was born in Pryluky, Ukraine, then a part of the Russian Empire [1] and emigrated to the United States in 1905. [2]