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Red supergiants develop deep convection zones reaching from the surface over halfway to the core and these cause strong enrichment of nitrogen at the surface, with some enrichment of heavier elements. [26] Some red supergiants undergo blue loops where they temporarily increase in temperature before returning to the red supergiant state. This ...
V762 Cassiopeiae is a red supergiant and a variable star located about 2,500 light-years away in the Cassiopeia constellation. Its apparent magnitude vary between 5.82 and 5.95, which makes it faintly visible to the naked eye under dark skies. It is a relatively cool star with an average surface temperature of 3,869 K.
Post-red supergiant stars have a generally higher level of nitrogen relative to carbon due to convection of CNO-processed material to the surface and the complete loss of the outer layers. Surface enhancement of helium is also stronger in post-red supergiants, representing more than a third of the atmosphere. [28] [29]
XX Per is a red supergiant of spectral type M4Ib with an effective temperature below 4,000 K. It has a large infrared excess, indicating surrounding dust at a temperature of 900 K, but no masers have been detected. [14] [15] XX Persei has a mass of 16 solar masses, above the limit beyond which stars end their lives as supernovae. [6]
KW Sagittarii is a red supergiant star, located approximately 2,420 parsecs (7,900 light-years) away from the Sun in the direction of the constellation Sagittarius.It is one of the largest known stars, with a diameter about 1,000 times larger than the Sun.
Betelgeuse is a red supergiant that has evolved from an O-type main-sequence star. After core hydrogen exhaustion, Betelgeuse evolved into a blue supergiant before evolving into its current red supergiant form. [98] Its core will eventually collapse, producing a supernova explosion and leaving behind a compact remnant. The details depend on the ...
Characteristics [ edit ] PZ Cassiopeiae is a luminous red supergiant star, one of the largest stars currently known with a radius over 1,200 times the Sun's radius ( R ☉ ), and also one of the most luminous of its type, around 240,000 times more luminous than the Sun ( L ☉ ). [ 10 ]
Many of the well-known bright stars are red giants, because they are luminous and moderately common. The red-giant branch variable star Gamma Crucis is the nearest M-class giant star at 88 light-years. [25] The K1.5 red-giant branch star Arcturus is 36 light-years away. [26]